Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran Archives of Iranian Medicine 1029-2977 24 6 2021 06 01 Parents’ Personality Disorders as Predictor of Substance Use Disorder in Children and Adolescents 478 486 10.34172/aim.2021.69 EN Mohammad Reza Mohammadi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5525-222X Seyed Kaveh Hojjat https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5408-0179 Seyed Ali Mostafavi Ali Khaleghi Zahra Hooshyari Nastaran Ahmadi Faezeh Kaviyani Mina Norozi Khalili Journal Article 10.34172/aim.2021.69 2020 02 10 2020 09 16 Background: This study investigated how the parents’ personality disorders may be related to substance use disorder in children and adolescents. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study in which 28,540 children and adolescents (aged 6 to 18 years) and their parents participated between 2015 and 2016. The diagnosis of substance use was made using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia--Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) interview and the personality disorders were assessed using Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory - Third Edition (MCMI-III). The parents were also surveyed for their personality assessed with MCMI. Results: The results showed that the paranoid personality disorder in father (odds ratio [OR] = 8.34, 95% CI, P = 0.042) and borderline personality disorder in mother (OR = 4.6, 95% CI, P = 0.049) increase the chance of substance use in children. Conclusion: The findings suggest that in designing preventive programs for substance use, the personality characteristics of the parents need to be taken into account.