Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran Archives of Iranian Medicine 1029-2977 22 1 2019 01 01 Generation of CD19-Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells 7 10 EN Jafar Kiani Mahmood Naderi Monireh Torabi-Rahvar Azam Ranjbar Hamid-Reza Aghayan Ehsan Janzamin Naser Ahmadbeigi Journal Article 2018 09 23 2018 12 01 Background: Current advancements in the field of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy, particularly U.S. FDA approval of Kymriah and Yescarta, heralds a new era of cancer treatment. This rapid progress in technology has urged more countries and institutions to keep pace with the fast-growing and developing technology of producing CAR T cell-based therapies in the race to develop new cancer-targeting drugs. Hence, for stepping in line with global advances and to pave the way for subsequent preclinical and clinical studies, we have established a development protocol for a cancer-targeting CAR T cell; we have chosen CD19 CAR T cell as a well-defined model to set-up T cell expansion, activation, and viral transduction as the prerequisites for diverse CAR T cell therapies. Methods: T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were activated and expanded. CD19 CAR lentiviral particles were produced in the Lenti-X™ 293T Cell Line using PolyFect Transfection Reagent. Results: Activation protocol resulted in (65 ± 4%; P = 0.046) increase in the rate of activated T cells 24 hours after the initiation of the procedure. The expansion methodology resulted in a high purity of the T cell population (96 ± 3%) in the pool of PBMCs within 14 days of the procedure. Finally, 35 ± 6% of T cells were transduced with CD19 lentivirus with MOI of 3. Conclusion: Collectively, the results of this study prove that we have successfully overcome the first hurdle on the road to reach CAR T cell technology which is the prerequisite for developing preclinical and clinical phases of CAR therapy in settings with basic resources